GrammarJLPT N1Verb ずとも (〜zu tomo)

Verb ずとも (〜zu tomo)

JLPT N1

Explanation

Means 'Even without doing (X), (Y) can still happen'.

Formation

Verb-negative stem + ずとも

Detailed Explanation

The ~ずとも grammar point is used to express that, even if something isn't done, the desired result can still be achieved or the situation remains unaffected. It can be translated as 'even without' or 'even if not'.

Examples

朝ごはんを食べずとも、働くことができます。

Asagohan o tabezu tomo, hataraku koto ga dekimasu.

Even without eating breakfast, I can work.

車がなくとも、バスで行くことができます。

Kuruma ga nakutomo, basu de iku koto ga dekimasu.

Even without a car, you can go by bus.

お金がなくとも、幸せになれる。

Okane ga nakutomo, shiawase ni nareru.

Even without money, one can be happy.

インターネットがなくとも、情報を得る方法はいくつかあります。

Intānetto ga nakutomo, jōhō o eru hōhō wa ikutsu ka arimasu.

Even without the internet, there are several ways to obtain information.

Grammar content sourced from hanabira.org.