Explanation
Express 'without doing ~' or 'without ~ing'.
Formation
Verb-ない-form + で
Detailed explanation
The ～ないで grammar point is used to express the idea of 'without doing something' or 'without ~ing' in English. It is formed by attaching the ない-form of the verb and adding で (de). This is used for expressing when an action is not taken or avoided, without interfering with the main action.
Examples
Awanai de sono denwa wo kakemashita.
I made the phone call without meeting them.
Ame ga furu no wo matanai de, ie wo demashita.
I left the house without waiting for it to rain.
Dare ni mo kikanai de, sono himitsu wo shirimashita.
I found out the secret without asking anyone.
Okureru koto wo shiranai de, eki ni mukaimashita.
I headed to the station without knowing I was late.
Practice
Grammar content sourced from hanabira.org.